Hybrid Cultures Essay Example for Free

Hybrid Cultures Essay The ease of travel and almost universal access to the information superhighway facilitates the massive cultural exchange that goes on in the world today. In 2005, Kwai-Cheung Lo had written extensively on the exportation of Hong Kong popular culture and its strange relationship to China. Hong Kong could be considered one of the best modern examples of a hybrid culture. Settled by the British for 150 years before its transfer back to China in 1997, Hong Kong bears much similarity to the West in terms of economic development and commerce. Its culture, however, is quite different from the mainland and reconciling the two by expanding the definition of what it means to be Chinese is necessary as HK becomes less an independent entity and more of a Chinese protectorate. Today, the vast storehouse of popular culture proves that the sharp lines between different nations are thinning with martial arts films, anime, and panda bears occupy the same space as Western action movies, McDonalds, and pop music. Massive immigration from third world countries to the West, coupled with Western business people consulting with Asian companies contributes to the growing cultural exchange. The Disney phenomenon is a good example of this. Starting as a small theme park in Anaheim, CA, the company had developed parks in Florida, Paris, and Japan. Yet, the Japanese are determined to retain elements of their native culture even as they embrace an American business concept. When sociologists compared the American Disneyland with the Japanese version, they found many similarities and differences. For example, â€Å"Jungle Cruise is arguably the most American. It is a traditional Disney ride that has changed little over the years. TDL (Tokyo Disneyland) has kept the design and narrative of Jungle Cruise while modifying its spiel. Cinderella’s Castle Mystery Tour in contrast is unique to TDL. It is a story of Disney heroes and villains written for and told by the Japanese†(p. 32). References Luo, K. C. (2005). Chinese Face/Off: The Transnational Popular Culture of Hong Kong. University of Illinois Press Raz, A. E. (1999). Riding the Black Ship: Japan and Tokyo Disneyland. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center

Nishida Kitarôs Studies of the Good and the Debate Concerning Universal Truth in Early Twentieth-C :: Philosophy Philosophical Papers

Nishida Kitarà ´'s Studies of the Good and the Debate Concerning Universal Truth in Early Twentieth-Century Japan ABSTRACT: When Nishida Kitarà ´ wrote Studies of the Good, he was a high school teacher in Kanazawa far from Tokyo, the center of Japanese scholarship. While he was praised for his intellectual effort, there was no substantive agreement about the content of his ideas. Critics disagreed with the way he conceived of reality and of truth as contained in reality. Taken together, I believe that the responses to Nishida's early work give us a window on the state of Japanese philosophy in the early twentieth century. In what follows, I give evidence for the existence of such a debate about the nature of truth and reality. After a sketch of Nishida's position (in which scientific truth is made subordinate to an all-encompassing divine truth), I outline the positions of two other contemporary thinkers: Katà ´ Hiroyuki and Takahashi Satomi. With respect to Nishida, they offer markedly different takes on the question of universal truth: Katà ´ favors an antireligious, scientific positivism w hile Takahashi accepts an existentialist notion of radical human finitude, in which human access to any certainty is denied. I conclude that one is confronted with a lively debate by Japanese philosophers inside Japan about the definition of truth and consequently about the nature of reality. Nishida Kitarà ´ (1870-1945) wrote the essays that make up Studies of the Good while a high school teacher in Kanazawa, in the hokuriku region on the Japan sea, far from the center of scholarship in Tokyo. The essays originally appeared separately in various journals and in 1911 were published in book form. From the publication of the first essay, "Concerning the Nature of Reality", in Tetsugaku zasshi, the journal of the philosophy seminar at Tokyo Imperial University, Nishida faced a number of direct and indirect critiques. While his intellectual effort was highly praisedone person proclaiming that such a level of accomplishment . . . would have been unattainable for anyone but a true scholarthere was no such agreement about the content of what Nishida had written. Critics disagreed with the way he conceived of reality and of truth as contained in reality. Taken together, I believe that the responses to Studies give us a window onto the state of philosophizing in Japan in the earl y twentieth century. The responses show that four decades into the program of opening up to the West, philosophers in Japan were in full-scale debate about the nature of truth and reality.

The Joint Commission

The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) is a non-profit organization based in the United States that offers accreditation to health care facilities as well as various health programs. The goal of the organization is to â€Å"continuously improve health care for the public, in collaboration with other stakeholders, by evaluating health care organizations and inspiring them to excel in providing safe and effective care of the highest quality and value. † (http://www. jointcommission.org)As a non-profit organization, the Joint Commission continues to set forth standards by which the quality of patient care is measured. In addition to providing official accreditation, after thoroughly evaluating a health care facility or program, the Joint Commission also sets safety goals for the health care industry in order to improve overall quality of care. The Joint Commission has put forth safety goals purposed to decrease the frequency of human error and p romote a more secure environment for patients.Safety goals include ensuring proper patient identification, appropriate use of medicine, enhanced communication, infection prevention and risk identification. The Joint Commission hopes to encourage the prevention of surgical mistakes and patient falls. With concern to the geriatric population, most, if not all of the safety goals may need to be integrated into health care routine. The Joint Commission’s safety goal regarding fall prevention is especially pertinent to the geriatric population.The geriatric patient is susceptible to falls in general due to decreased vision, coordination, strength, flexibility, increase in cardiovascular disease, vertigo or cognitive impairment. Injury to a geriatric patient resulting from a fall often causes greater complications than would typically occur in a younger patient. Elderly patients are more prone to fracture due to bone density loss and extensive bruising from certain medications or l oss of protective adipose tissue. Geriatric patients are also likely to obtain serious skin injuries resulting from falls because of thinning skin.Fractures could result in a patient losing mobility which could potentially lead to more serious complications such as pressure sores, urinary tract infections, thrombi or loss of joint function due to lack of movement. Injuries to the skin obtained from a fall could become infected. A simple fall to an elderly patient could result in a dramatic turn for the worse regarding overall health. â€Å"Among people 65 years and older, falls are the leading cause of injury deaths and the most common cause of nonfatal injuries and hospital admissions for trauma. † (http://www. CDC.org)The Joint Commission addresses this concern with its goal to reduce the risk of falls. This particular goal is broken down into five elements of performance intended to predict risk for fall, intervene to reduce risk, educate and evaluate. The first of the ele ments of performance is an assessment of the patient’s risk for fall. This includes assessing patient’s mental status, sleep patterns, medications, blood pressure, voiding frequency, vision, gait, strength, balance and history of falls. After evaluation of a patient’s risk of falling, an interventional plan should be formulated to prevent such an incident.The Morse Fall Scale, or MSF, is a tool that is used to assess the likelihood of a patient falling. It takes into consideration a specific patient’s history of falling, secondary diagnosis, ambulatory aid, IV/Heparin lock, gait and mental status. â€Å"The MFS requires systematic, reliable assessment of a patient's fall risk factors upon admission, fall, change in status, and discharge or transfer to a new setting. † (http://www. patientsafety. gov) Equipment can be utilized to prevent falls and environmental hazards can be cleared. Referrals could be made, as needed, to ophthalmology, cardiology or physical rehabilitation.Medications can be considered and altered if they cause orthostatic hypotension, a condition in which a patient becomes dizzy upon standing due to quick drop in blood pressure. Bowel and bladder assistance programs can be implemented to reduce frequency and incontinence issues that may lead the patient to leave the bed unassisted. Educating the patient, as well as their families is critical in fall prevention. Involvement of all who care for the geriatric patient can lessen the likelihood of a fall occurring in the absence of a health care provider.Falls can occur while attempting to help a geriatric patient bathe, while assisting in transportation, or maneuvering through their home. This is especially important to the geriatric patient who has returned home resume acts of daily living without constant supervision. There may be environmental hazards within the home that pose risk to the patient. It is also possible that the patient may not administer medic ations properly, or cannot safely perform hygiene, feeding, cooking or cleaning. Such acts of daily living are essential remain or become healthy.A vast array of variables exists with regards to fall prevention. Hence, the Joint Commission recommends that the overall success of the interventional measures be evaluated and altered as needed. Follow up evaluation allows for further adjustments, if needed. The Joint Commission is a non-profit organization serving to promote health care organizations to be their best in all aspects of patient care. Their mark of accreditation has become a respected seal of approval, indicating that a particular facility or program meets a particular set of high standards.They have put forth safety goals intended to encourage nurses and other health care providers to approach potential dangers with a multifaceted plan for intervention and prevention of errors, accidents and injury. Preventing falls will be an ongoing, evolving and improving process with regard to future nursing practice. Nurses will always need to think critically and utilize the knowledge, tools and equipment available to keep patients from falling and injuring themselves. Futuristic equipment may provide a more convenient, safer, faster way to assist patient mobility.Computer health care networking may make complete health history more readily available for review and consideration. Nothing, however, can replace the critically thinking nurse. â€Å"Nurses are leading practice innovations to systematically assess patients’ risk for falls and implement population based prevention interventions. † (http://www. nursingworld. org) For this reason, The Joint Commission sets standards and safety goals to encourage those within the field of nursing to actively assess, prevent, educate and evaluate. With due diligence, such standards and safety regulations can greatly increase overall patient care.

Internet and Philippine English Proficiency

Hazel Rose V. Corachea The internet is a computer based global information system. It is composed of many interconnected computer networks. Each network may link thousands of computers enabling them to share information. The internet has brought a transformation in many aspects of life. It is one of the biggest contributors in making the world into a global village. The use of internet has grown tremendously since it was introduced. It is mostly because of its flexibility. Nowadays, one can access the internet easily. Most people have computers in their homes but even the ones who don’t they can always go to cyber cafes where this service is provided. The internet has developed to give many benefits to mankind. The access to information is one of the most important features that it has. Students can now have access to libraries around the world. Before, students had to spend hours and hours in the libraries but now at a touch of the button students have a huge database in front of them. In the Philippines, more and more Filipinos are going online and forming their social networks. The following numbers show this reality. Philippines is sixth among all Asian countries in terms of top internet user. While, we rank in seventeenth place in the worldwide survey. InternetWorldStats says that Philippines has 29. 7 million internet users, as of June 2011. Undeniably, as the use of internet grows rapidly, English language skill also has become a necessity in order for us to establish linkages with the rest of the world. English has played a central role as the common international language in linking people who have different mother tongues. When it comes to English language proficiency, recent language test results released by the IDP Education Pty. Ltd. Philippines, an accredited group that administers the International English Language Testing System (IELTS) to Filipinos seeking to work and migrate abroad, showed that the Philippines is no longer the top English-speaking country in Asia. With an overall score of 6. 71, Malaysia is now the No. 1 in English proficiency in Asia. The Philippines placed only second with 6. 69, followed by Indonesia (5. 99), India (5. 79) and Thailand (5. 1). This was gleaned from IELTS results in 2008, during which some 35,000 Filipinos — 70 percent of them nursing graduates applying for jobs abroad — took the language exam to evaluate their English proficiency in reading, writing, speaking and listening. The group blames technology such as the internet and SMS messaging (texting) on cell phones, which favors speed and levity but fosters poor written skills. â€Å"We use abb reviations in chat rooms, and we have created a whole new language, and texting on cell phones has created a short language. †

Nursing Philosophy Essay

Nursing Philosophy Essay Nursing Philosophy Essay Doctors without Borders and its Philosophy Sammy Jergens As a nursing student you are expected to make a choice as to what field of nursing you would like to go into. There are many options that a student could look into, working at a hospital, clinic, or even teach. However, maybe an entirely different option should be thought of such as working for a humanitarian organization. There are many organizations to choose from that have a nursing component. One of them has stuck out, maybe because they integrate the four phenomenon of good nursing into their own mission statement. This group is Doctors without Borders also known as MSF for Medecins Sans Frontieres. A not for profit organization that â€Å"provides independent, impartial assistance in more than 60 countries to people whose survival is threatened by violence, neglect, or catastrophe, primarily due to armed conflict, epidemics, malnutrition, exclusion from health care, or natural disasters.† (Doctors without Borders [MSF], 2012) The philosophy of Nursing for Rockford College is divided up into four key concepts. These concepts are nursing, health, person, and environment. Each part is integral in developing an outstanding nurse. The same concepts are found in the charter of Doctors without Borders and will be explored throughout this paper. â€Å"MSF’s work is based on the humanitarian principles of medical ethics and impartiality.† (MSF, 2012) Nursing According to the Rockford College school of Nursing manual, â€Å"Nursing is an art and a science concerned with the promotion, maintenance, and restoration of optimal health.† (Rockford College Nursing department, 2012) Also nursing is described as to having responsibility to society to provide quality health care to all. And to best serve society a nurse should be politically active and practice collaboratively with clients and other health care providers. Doctors without Borders does all of these actions. â€Å"Calls public attention to humanitarian catastrophes and by pointing to the causes of such catastrophes, the organization helps to form bodies of public opinion opposed to violations and abuses of power.† (Nobel Prize 2012) They speak out to bring attention to neglected crises, challenge inadequacies or abuse of the aid system, and to advocate for improved medical treatments and protocols. As a nurse you are the voice of the client even if the client is a group of people. Health â€Å"Health is dynamic and continuously changing† (Potter & Perry, 2009) Meaning that we cannot count on the knowledge that we have will still be relevant tomorrow. Doctors without borders knows this and has â€Å"continuously tried to upgrade its logistical networks and supply chains. And the organization now utilizes specialized medical kits and equipment that enable its teams to start saving lives immediately after they are deployed.† (MSF, 2012) Also according to Rockford College Nursing Handbook health responds to personal biology, lifestyle, the environment and the health care system. Doctors without border strive to help communities rebuild themselves and in turn rebuild the lives of the people in them. In the world of healthcare everything is connected in one way or another, almost like a balancing act. As a nurse you find the balance for your patient, whether its health promotion or just awareness, and Doctors without borders does the same. Person It is important to realize that not every human is a cookie cutter image of the one before them. â€Å"Each person is a unique, complex, holistic being with biophysical, psychological, spiritual, and socio-cultural dimensions.† (Rockford College Nursing Department, 2012) Doctors without Borders understand this and assess each individual’s situation and come up with a plan that fits each one. However, when they asses their care plans it’s not for one person at a time, but a whole group of people. MSF treats patients with infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, sleeping

Insure vs. Ensure

Insure vs. Ensure Insure vs. Ensure Insure vs. Ensure By Maeve Maddox When in a recent post I used the word insure in a context that had nothing to do with underwriting, more than one reader wrote to chide me for not using the word ensure. I’ll confess. The rule that insure must be used only in the context of indemnifying against loss is one that has never penetrated to my subconscious. I’ve read the rule. I’ve even written about the rule, but I can’t seem to rid myself of the idea that ensure is British spelling for insure. The verb ensure entered the language in the Middle Ages. The earliest OED citation is 1385. The earliest documentation for insure is 1440. Until the 17th century, the forms ensure and insure were used interchangeably with a variety of meanings, including that of insuring a person’s life or property against loss. According to OED citations, ensure was still being used in the 18th century with the meaning of buying insurance: â€Å"The price of ensuring the Life of a Man of 20 (1693).† And in the late 19th century, insure was still being used in contexts in which the modern rule requires ensure: â€Å"An ardour which could hardly fail to insure success (1862).† The Penguin Writer’s Manual notes that the verb â€Å"generally used in the active form to mean â€Å"make (something) certain† is ensure,† but also notes that ensure is often spelled insure in American English. For modern writers of American English, however, both The Chicago Manual of Style and The AP Stylebook urge the distinction: Ensure is the general term meaning to make sure something will (or won’t) happen. In best usage, insure is reserved for underwriting financial risk. –CMOS Use ensure to mean guarantee. Use insure for references to insurance. –AP Use ensure when you mean guarantee. Reserve insure for talking about a financial arrangement meant to secure the payment of a sum of money in the event of loss or damage: Worn or damaged parts are replaced to ensure the safety. They go all the way to ensure the comfort and satisfaction of their passengers. How to Properly  Insure  Your Home  Against  Winter Weather   Insuring Against  The High Costs Of Cancer   Your renters’ policy will state exactly what youre  insured against. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:What Does [sic] Mean?Empathy "With" or Empathy "For"?Comment, Suggestion, and Feedback

Cyber Security and Cyber Crime Annotated Bibliography

Cyber Security and Cyber Crime - Annotated Bibliography Example This publication done for Deloitte by DeZabala and Baich, the National Managing Principal and Principal respectively acknowledge the rampant increase in cyber crimes in organizations following its CSO Cyber Security Watch Survey in 2010. It unearths some of the stealth techniques used by cyber criminals today. It points to future indicators with a disclaimer of the severity and complexity expected in future. The authors sum up this publication by giving a risk based approach and how to have an effective intelligence system to gather the necessary intelligence information. This is a law book aimed at giving the reader information on career opportunities in private security. In Part II of the book, Dempsey discusses the problem of computer crime, used interchangeably with cyber crime in the society and businesses. This book would be useful to that scholar seeking supportive surveys as the author documents surveys on cyber crime as conducted by the FBI and National Cyber Security Alliance, NCSA in the US. The book discusses most of the basic security procedure followed so as to mitigate cyber crime but is inclined more towards use of biometrics. The discussion on how to investigate cyber crimes has been used to market the various career opportunities that are a consequence of the same. This source would be important for citing examples of the effects of cyber crimes. It gives an example of how Russian crime gangs and civilians caused internet traffic in Georgia to stop by use of America’s software companies and websites. Though it lacks technical explanation as to the crime, it gives the needed information to document cyber crime as a potential national risk. This paper is an extension of the author’s earlier research paper on current challenges in cyber security and advocates for law to react proportionately to the rapid changes in internet usage and cyber crime. It advocates for an inclusion of various professions, both technical and non-technical in